Sudoers file modification

We can change sudo privileges to users groups and also can do lots of new commands aliases with /etc/sudoers file. you need to type the following command to open the file:

sudo visudo

This will open the file in the vi window, then we will write our necessary commands within the file. to add a root user with all permissions from all terminals type the following commands:

root ALL=(ALL) ALL

This means root user gains previleges of executing all commands from all terminals. We can set a user with the following specific previleges:

guest ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/

this means user guest has can execute commands for path /usr/bin without any password.

To make a command aliasing we can write the following command:

cmnd_alias apache_restart /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Now we will have a command apache_restart which will perform the restart operation of apache.


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Restart Apache using Cron job in php

Sometimes we need to restart apache from our scripts automatically. Other than root user privileges, other users need to use sudo keyword to restart apache. But it needs password for sudo command. We can change sudo permissions and set options with the /etc/sudoers flie. Edit the file with the following command:

sudo visudo 

php scripts are run with www-data user previleges. We can get the current user info with the command:

whoami

So, we need set options in the /etc/sudoers flie for user www-data. Set the following:

www-data ALL=NOPASSWD

So, sudo will not prompt for password while running the script.
Use exec functions to execute your command through php.


See the book OpenCart 1.4 Template Design Cookbook.
See the book Joomla Mobile Development Beginners Guide

List of my works:

Technical Support:

If you still face the technical problem, please get support of our highly skilled technical team: garazlab.com.


Wordpress Plugins:

1. Real-Time Health Data from Every Where:WP plugin to display real-time health data & increase sale by promoting user specific products according to health information: garazlab.com.
2. Woocommerce Stock Notification Builder:Sends desktop, mobile & email notifications with full customization.Build your own product notification system with it: garazlab.com.

Opencart Extensions:

1. Product Based Quantity Wise Shipping: Find it here.
2. OpenSSLCOMMERZ: integrate SSLCOMMERZ with opencart: Find it here.
3. Fine Search v.1.0 - Improves Opencart search feature to find relevant: Find it here.
4. Opensweetcaptcha - An easy way to generate attractive captcha for your system!: Find it here.
5. Custom Field Product - add unlimited custom fields to the product form: Find it here.
6. Formcaptcha - add captcha on the register page: Find it here.

My Books:

1. OpenCart 1.4 Template Design Cookbook.
2. Joomla Mobile Development Beginners Guide